Five quick jest and typescript tips

I've been working with jest every day for the past month or so. I had to learn a few tricks as I went. I was mocking, using async, upgrading versions and working in vscode. Here are five things I learned.

Creating typed jest mocks

Jest has a decent mocking system but the creation and typing can be made a bit easier by using a helper library. I have used jest-create-mock-instance for the past couple of months and it works really well.

# You should install the library in your project
yarn add -D jest-create-mocked-instance

Then in your test where you need to mock a dependency you just need to

import createMockInstance from "jest-create-mock-instance";

let mockedDependency: MyDependencyClass;

mockedDependency = createMockInstance(MyDependencyClass);

let classUnderTest: MyClassToTest;

classUnderTest = new MyClassToTest(mockedDependency);

Typing a typescript array for jest test-each cases

I wanted to create a truth table in another file to pass into jest's test.each() helper.

The typing for this method is an array of sub arrays with the specific parameters defined. The way to define this in TS is

export const getTruthTable = (): Array<
    [
        MyEnumType1,
        MyEnumType2,
        string,
        boolean
    ]
> => {
    return [
        [
            MyEnumType1.YES,
            MyEnumType2.PRIMARY,
            "string test value1",
            false,
        ],
        [
            MyEnumType1.NO,
            MyEnumType2.SECONDARY,
            "string test value2",
            true,
        ],

        // and then use this in jest with

 test.each(getTruthTable())(
        "is applicable as expected",
        (
            val1: MyEnumType1,
            val1: MyEnumType2,
            val1: string,
            expected: boolean
        ) => {
          // test the case here
          expect(result).toEqual(expected)
        }

jest catch rejection

Jest has some specific methods for helping to test promises and async code

You can mock them using these helpers

jest
  .spyOn(myJestMock, "myAsyncMethodIWantToResolveWithValue")
  .mockResolvedValue(new ThingToResolveWith());

jest
  .spyOn(myJestMock, "myAsyncMethodIWantToReject")
  .mockRejectedValue(new ErrorToRejectWith());

You can expect a specific resolution or rejection using

await expect(result).resolves.toEqual(expectedResponse);

await expect(result).rejects.toThrowError(MyCustomError);

Upgrading to the latest ts-jest preset

If you had this setup in your jest.config.js file

    transform: {
        "^.+\\.(t|j)sx?$": "ts-jest",
    }

You can just change it to this now (unless you had a custom setup where you have typescript files that you don't want ts-jest to inspect).

    preset: "ts-jest",

The preset is awesome and will find all your ts and tsx files.

Adding a snippet

To bring all this together in vscode I like to add a jest test snippet to avoid typing some of the boilerplate each time.

You can easily add snippets to your project by placing a file with the extension .code-snippets in your .vscode folder. The .vscode folder is in the root of your project. You can just add it if it's not already there.

The snippet syntax is json. It's a bit annoying to setup because each line is a string. You can use the following tool to convert code into a snippet for visual studio code: https://snippet-generator.app/.

There is also a plugin for managing snippets in vscode called Easy Snippet. This is available in the extension marketplace here: https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=inu1255.easy-snippet.

The prefix parameter is the name you would type in vscode and then hit tab to print the snippet to your file. Usually the first couple of letters are enough. ne..<TAB> then enter the name of the class under test.

    "Simple Test": {
        "scope": "typescript",
        "prefix": "newtest",
        "body": [
            "import createMockInstance from \"jest-create-mock-instance\";",
            "",
            "describe(\"$1\", () => {",
            "    let classUnderTest: $1;",
            "",
            "    let myMockedDep: jest.Mocked<MockClass>;",
            "",
            "    beforeEach(() => {",
            "        jest.resetAllMocks();",
            "",
            "        myMockedDep = createMockInstance(MyDependency)",
            "        classUnderTest = new $1(myMockedDep);",
            "    });",
            "",
            "    test.each([",
            "        [\"true\", true],",
            "        [\"false\", false],",
            "    ])(\"is an expected response\", (input: string, expected: boolean) => {",
            "        const result = classUnderTest.methodToTest(input);",
            "        expect(result).toEqual(expected);",
            "    });",
            "});"
        ],
        "description": "A simple test template for starting a unit test"